Latch and lock mechanism



.1. P. MCKINNEY, JR 2,002,542

LATCH AND LOCK MECHANISM May '28, 1935.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 15, 1932 INVENTOR May 28, 1935. J. P. M KINNEY, JR

LATCH AND LOCK MECHANISM Filed July 15, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Patented May 28, 1935 re n-rs NT aortic LATCH'AND" LOCK MECHANISM James P. McKinney,

Jr Pittsburgh', Pa., assignor,

by mesne assignments, to The'American Hardware Corporation,

New Britain, Conn.

pApplicationJuly 15, 1932, Serial'No; 622,578

31 Claims. 2. This invention relates to latch and locl :meoh

an-ism. It relates more. particularly tolatch and dock rnechanismadapted for use in connection with doors and other closures.

The invention still moreparticularly relates to alatch or look unit of. simplified and improved construction. A handle unit is-providedwhi'chis i adaptedfor connection with alat'ch or lockmechanism after assembly ofthe lattenimprovedlock g portion 9 which externally threaded as at IU.

' The end piece'ii is removably conneotedwiththe actuating means. areprovided-and the general construction of the unit is rendered 'relatively xfOQlDlOOf; easy to assemble and install, inexpensive to manufacture and highly eilicient from the standpoint ofoperation.

The inventionwis :in :thenature of certain *improvementsover certaingprior patents owned by umyiassignee, inclu'ding'Wread Reissue Patent No.

13,399, my own Patent No. 1,865,128 andothers. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the following description certain present preferred embodiments therer of proceeds.

,In the accompanying drawings I" have shown certain present. preferred 'embodiments'sof the invention, in which Figure 1 is .a through: a door having a lock lmechanism'applied v thereto, taken along the line I--Iv of Figure'2;

"Figure2 isa horizontal cross-sectional View of alportion of themechanism shown inFigure 1;

Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectionalview taken along. the lineIII-III' of Figure 1;

Figurei lis a detail viewof a portion' of the .inechanism shown in Figures "1 and 2,= and with the lsnob removed from the spindle;

Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view through a portion ofthe operating mechanism;

i Figure 5 a horizontal taken along the line VI-VI of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a verticalcross-sectional view taken along the line VII-471i of Figure 6;

Figures 8 to" 13, inclusive, are detail views showing certainpparts ofthemechanism,IFigures 10 and 1 being views of the same part taken at right angl s to each other; i a

Figure 14; is a cross-sectional View similar to fled construction; 4 v

Figure if is a cross-sectional view taken on theline XV-XV of Figure 14; and

Figure 16 is a perspective View to enlarged scale oi a stud for maintaining the-handle in place on the spindle. v 7

Referring more particularly tofithef' drawings, :there is represented in Figures l,2"and'3ra door the left-hand portion of Figure 1' showing a modi L 2 having a through 'b'ore' 3 bore 3 is a casing" 5 having thereto by screws extending Jhollow which is externally threaded as at l3.

Rotatably mounted within the "hollow cylinspindle'is rotatable with rvertical cross-sectional view face of the plate !8.

cross-sectional view plate l8, 'vided with a'slot 26.

' pears =fromf Figure 7, the

and a lateralb'ore 4 communieatingwith the bre'3 and terniinating in theedgepi'the'door. Positioned within 'the a generally cylindrical bodyportion and ends! and 8. Althoughboth ends-l and 8 maybe made removable if'desired, the former is'shown as formed integrally with the body portion 6 ofthe" casingand having an outwardly extending hollow cylindrical bearing body portion 5 of the casing, being 'fastened lLand also has-an outwardly cylindrical bearing portion 12 portion't is a hollow spindle l4 enlargement I51 A washer I 6 is drical bearing having a radial positioned against the outer extremity of the enlargement I5 bearing portion 9, and the radial of the spindle It lies againstthe washer. The respect to the 2 bearing portion 9.

"Fastenedto the inner end ofthe spindle'l l "by screws I1 is a platel8 carrying a retracting eam'or rollback l9. Maintained in place between the plate l8 and the inner'surface oi the end 1 of the casing,butrotatable independently of the plate I8 and also rotatable relatively to the casing, is a ring'Zll for a purpose to be-pres ently described. 1 Y

Positioned within'the'hollow spindle M is a spindle 2! having connected-"withits innerextremity a plate 22 which lies against the inner ally projecting tongue' 23. The ring 29, shown indetail in Figures and'l1, has a radially inwardly projecting 'polrtion 24 which is adapted to lie between the plate i8 and the endl' 'of the'casing and by which the ring is" maintained in place.

' The ring also has an axially extending portion=25 which extends beyond the inner surface -of the such portion '25 of the ring' zll ispro- The plate 22, exceptio-r the tongue 23,"is contained within' theperiphery of the plate l8, but-the tongue 23" extends laterally past the periphery of theplate I 8 and into 1e slot 25 formed in the portion 25 of the ring 29. "I'hus, assuming the hollow spindle l4, and consequently also the plate 18 carrying theretracting eam I9, 00- the stationary, the inner spindle' 2| is free'to rotate and the plate "22,"being connected therewith, rotates with such innerspindlean'd causes rotation ofthe ringZO. As tip- The plate 22 has a laterspindle 2 l, together projections 28 the bearing portion l2.

.unit formed by the spindle l9 at the opposite end of stud being urged. outwardly by with the projections 32 532,527, which is owned by my assignee.

operated device id comprises a key-rotatable porrotate the same and having with its plate 22 and the ring 29, may thus be rotated through well over half a circle without danger of the tongue 23 encountering the retracting cam l9, such rotation being amply sufficient for the purpose intended. Likewise the spindle l4, plate i8 and cam l9 may be rotated through a limited arc sufiicient to accomplish their function, which will presently be described, without interference with the tongue 23 of the plate 22 and independently of the spindle 2i and its associated mechanism. Therefore, for

operative purposes the spindle Hi, plate i3 and cam l9 may be considered as one independently rotatable unit, and the spindle 2!, plate 22 and ring 20 may be considered as another independently rotatable unit. Rotatably mounted within the hollow cylindrical bearing portion ii of the end piece 2 is a spindle El having a pair of oppositely disposed radial projections 28. The inner surfaces of the lie against the outer extremity of The spindle 21 is rotatable with respect to the bearing portion l2.

Fastened to the inner end of the spindle 2? by screws 29 is a plate 39 carrying a retracting cam 3|. Thus the spindle 21, plate 39 and cam 3i form a rotatable unit analogous to the rotatable it, plate 18 and cam dle l4 also has a pair of oppositely disposed radial projections 32 similar to the projections 28 on the spindle 21.

Mounted in each of the spindles it and 21 is a stud 33 the nose of which is adapted to project beyond the outer surface of the spindle, such a'coilspring 34, but being suitably held against complete dislodgment from the spindle.

There is provided a handle unit, designated generally by reference numeral 35, adapted for attachment to cooperate with the spindles i4 and 2! after the casing and associated mechanism have been assembled and installed in the door.

Such handle unit comprises an outer manually operable rotatable member in the form of a knob 36 having a hollow shankSl'. The end of the shank 31 is provided with opposite notches 38 adapted to receive the projections 32 and with a hole 39 adapted to receive the outwardly projecting extremity of the spring pressed stud 33. When the knob 3b is pushed onto the spindle i i the stud 33 is depressed to permit the end of the shank to pass thereover, the notches 33 engage and the stud 33 springs outwardly into the hole 39 under the action of the spring 34 so as to hold the knob against axial withdrawal except when the stud 33 is depressed so that its outer extremity is within the confines of the spindle M. The inter-engagement of the notches 38 and the projections 32 insures rotation of the spindle Hi upon rotation of the knob 36.

Fastened within the knob 35 so; as to form therewith the unit 35 is a key-operated device GB of any suitable or well known construction, such, for example, as that disclosed and claimed in the copending application of Marcus Holpfer, Serial No.

The keytion adapted to cooperatewith the spindle 2! to a notch ti adapted to, inter-engage with an outward projection 52 on the end of the spindle 2 i. Thus upon insertion of the key and turning thereof the spindle 2i, togetherwith its plate Rand the ring 28, will be the casing. The spinrotated for a purpose to be presently described. When the key is not inserted and the knob 36 is manually rotated, both the spindle it and the spindle 2! will be rotated, but the extent of rot-ation necessary to accomplish the function of the knob is through only a small arc and not sufficient to cause the ring it to perform the function for which it is intended and which it performs only upon insertion of the key and turning of the spindle 2i and its associated mechanism through an angle greater than the angle traversed by the spindle it and its associated mechanism in operation.

The opposite knob 33 is connected with the spindle T in the same general manner as above described with respect to the knob 36, although the knob 53 may be solid or may at least have a closed outer end, having no key-operable device associated therewith. The handle unit 35 is adapted to be used at the outside of the door and the knob 3 at the inside of the door. Aside from the fact that the knob of the outer handle unit contains the key-operable device, the knobs may be of the same construction and dimensions.

The casing E has oppositely disposed openings 45 and 45 in its cylindrical surface, the latter of which has an outward notch it. There is disposed within the casing a bolt retractor t? having a bore therethrough the axis of which is aligned with the axis of the openings M and 35. The retractor All is urged toward the right, viewing Figure 5 and 6, by a coil spring 13 which bears against the rear casing wall. The retractor 4'5 and spring 58 are inserted into the casing from the open end thereof before application of the end piece 8. A guide member ts is inserted through the opening i5 and through the bore of the retractor 41, its forward extremity seating within the inner porton of the opening M which is slightly enlarged for the purpose. The

guide member -19 has a forked rearward portion fill, for a purpose to be presently described. and also has a longitudinal slot 56 for a purpose also to be presently described. The slot 5! is aligned with the notch 45 in the opening Q5.

A bolt carrier 52 is inserted into the casing through the opening 45, such bolt carrier having a lateral projection 53 which passes through the notch it and is positioned within the slot 5 i. The bolt carrier 52 is longitudinally guided within the guide it while the retractor il is longitudinally guided exteriorly thereof. The projection 53 on the bolt carrier extends through the slot 51 and lies behind the retractor so that upon movement of the retractor toward the left, viewing Figures 5 and 6, the retractor moves the bolt carrier with it. The forward end of the bolt carrier extends through the opening M and is hollowed and internally threaded for the reception of a bolt stem El i carrying a bolt head 55. The rear portion of the bolt carrier is also hollowed for the reception of the forward end of a coil spring 55, which urges the bolt carrier toward the right and which is inserted through the opening 35. After the parts have been inserted and assembled as above described a cover plate 5'! is inserted through the open end of the casing and into a groove provided in the interior of the casing and between the prongs of the forked end iii of the guide 9 to prevent removal of the guide and bolt carrier and to serve as a bearing for the spring Thus the bolt carrier 52 and retractor ti are independently urged in the direction of projection of the bolt, the pressure exerted on the retractor by the spring at being cons derabl r ater han that exerted on the bolt car ie by the sprin .55- The bolt and bolt carrier may be retracted against the action of the lighter sprin .56 bu without moving the ,retractor .H r ompressin t pr n 8. s mpl y he ammine a tion exerted on the bolt by the jamb or strike plate when the door is pushed closed; Under these conditions it is desirable that little resistance be offered to re.- traction of the bolt so that the door will close and latch easily.

The retractor .41 lies between the plates 18 and 3B, and the respective retracting cams l9 and 3| lie forwardly of respective outwardly project: ing portions 58 and 59 of the retractor. Thus upon rotation .of' either of the knobs 3.6 and 43 the corresponding retracting cam will move the retractor .41 toward the left, viewing Figures 5 and .6, and the retractor will carry with it the bolt carrier 52 by reason of the engagement be.- tween the rear portion .of the retractor and the projection 53 of the bolt carrier which extends through the slot 51 in the guide .49. The resist.- ance offered to movement of the retractor and bolt carrier uponturning of either knob will include both the resistance of the stronger spring 48 and that of the lighter spring 5.6. It is desirable that the resistance offered .to turning of the knob be relatively great as compared to that offered to retraction of the bolt alone so as to give a firm feel to the latch mechanism. This is particularly true with the use of lever type handles which afford a rather great mechanical advantage and which, therefore, should be rather strongly resisted by the spring means associated with the latch mechanism.

A decided advantage is obtained by the guiding of the bolt carrier and retractor .by independent portions of the guide 49, the bolt carrier and re- .tractor being guided independently of each other,

as this eliminates any tendency toward skewing of the bolt carrier when .the handle .is grasped and possibly slightly turned to push or pull the door closed. This tendency toward skewing is particularly noticeable with latches provided with lever type handles which afford a relatively great mechanical advantage and which maybe inadvertently slightly turned .when grasped, when the .bolt carrier and retractor are not independ- Jently guided as above described.

The casing 5 is provided with oppositely disposed transverse slots Jill and 6'] adapted selectively for the reception of a locking slide .62.

Such locking slide is inserted intoeitherone or :the other of the slots =60 and BI. before the end piece 8115 put in place, the selection of the slot being determined by whether the-mechanism is to be applied to a :rightor a left-hand door. The appropriate slot :is selected :which will insure positioning of :the locking slide 62 at .the topof the :rri'echariism and manuallyoperable from the insideiof the door,.as will presently be described. A spring 63 of generally T shape is provided having portions :64 which are adapted to seat within openings-65in thelocking slidegfiZ andaportion e66 which isadapted itO bear against the body of the locking slide. The spring 153 has substanltially centrally thereof an outwardly projecting iportion zfizlwhich, when the locking slide is insertedinto the.casing,:is adapted to lie within one i or the-otherof a pair of .groovesjflsandrfiflga pair 1 ofsuch groovesibeinglprovided ateach sideofithe casing, as shown'in Figure l. The spring ,63

(therefore notonly @insures against looseness or rattling of .the glockingslide, :but also assists ;in

ing selected fo r the locking slide. Amanually ope able ewe-eed rrll il be adeetdte be threaded onto the stern I}; and tjobe accessible from th in id 9 he d e a e e e i ex mii i l 51 WE? as mbled i r e T k g Slide is inoyed between its two positions by graspi s a d epieree ie ell re e e? b ll t e be ten 1?- I e locking slide has an inward locking projection 13 which whenthe bolt isf ully projected,

shown Figure .5, lies rearwardly of the trans verse plane through the outwardly extending crosshead portionsl l of the retractor 4'1. Each crosshead portion H has a notch 15, as shown in Fi ur 5 an w e t s r s-. t e ies 63 is in engagement with the notch 68 in the casing the projection 13 lies directly behind the notch. [5 so as to permit retraction of the bolt carrier upon turning either knob. However, upon movement of the locking slide to the position in which the portion 6! ofithe spring lies in'the notch 69 the projection 1-3 will lie directly behind a portion of the crosshead -74, thereby preventing retrac? ,tion of the retractor, as anyatternpt to move the retractor toward the'lef t, viewing Figure" 5, will be rendered ineifectual as the crossheadflportion p of the retractor will simply strike the projection 15-3 d e retractor will not'inove anyfurther --tur n, isoperable bythe keyoflthe lock. Insertion a,ndtur ni n g .of the key will therefore control the position of the locking slidefas turning of the 'k inone directionwill bring one of the cams-11 against one .s'ufiface of the cam follower l5 and pushitheloc king slide to the position in which the portion 6;! ofthe '.'spring .isdnfengagement with the notch fie, andkturning of. the key in theopposite direction willcause theother cam-1.! to engage with-the. opposite surface of .thecam follower to move the locking slide to the position in gwyhiqhthepor fon ii]. of the springisin engage- .mentwithfthelriotohfiB. Therefore, :the locking slide .may be manually operated from .thein si'de of the door to lock or unlock the dooras may .be desired. When the -thecrosshead andconsequently prevents turnire th se n il H- iew ve zi locking "S .rnayb e moved to unlock position-from the outside T h .I10Q :D v e tienie th Pro l and turning ofthe same' torotatethe rring into cam v the lgcking. slide-totheposition shown inFigure 1, which willpermit retraction of the retractorupon tur n 10 t akne "Themnit made upof thecasing, .the mechanism. con ained th reinen t s i d e AJLZ z.

and 2'! is adapted for application to a door and may be used with handles and trim of any desired type. This is of great advantage because the unit may be completely constructed and assembled without the need of any advance information as to the finish of the handles and trim to be used therewith, and the units may be stocked and assembled on the job with whatever handles and trim are desired. It is not necessary to take apart any portion of the unit in application either of the trim or of the handles or lock cylinder.

The trim comprises, in addition to the handles and their associated mechanism, an outer rosette 18, an outer trim nut 19, an inner rosette 8i; and an inner trim nut 8|. There is also provided a clamping plate 82 having pins 83 adapted to enter suitable openings in the unit and to assist in positioning the unit with respect to the door.

A clamping nut 8 is used in conjunction with the clamping plate 82, as will presently be described.

In applying the mechanism to a door the unit is inserted into the bore 3, the bolt carrier being pushed back sufficiently to permit of such insertion. The bores need be only very slightly larger than the casing as the bolt carrier may be depressed so that it lies substantially entirely within the confines of the casing. When the bolt carrier is aligned with the bore 4 it snaps out into such bore and the bolt stem 5:: is screwed into it from the outside of the bore 4, the bolt and bolt guide being connected in the usual manner. The effective length of the bolt, or the adjustment of the bolt, may be controlled by reason of the threaded connection between the bolt stem and the bolt carrier and without variation of the effect of the springs which are positioned within the casing.

The clamping plate 82 is positioned against the inside of the door with its pins 33 projecting into the holes provided therefor in the casing. Likewise the outer rosette i8 is put in place over the outer spindle M and so that the edge of the rosette engages the outside of the door. Then the outer trim nut wand the clamping nut 84 are threaded up on the respective threaded extensions of the casing, pressing respectively against the outer rosette l8 and the clamping plate 82 so as to properly position and hold the casing in the door. The clamping plate 82 has an opening 85 adapted to receive the stem N3 of the locking slide and also has openings 36 for the heads of the screws I l in the event that the clamping plate lies close to the casing. The clamping plate also has toothlike portions Bl adapted to engage the surface of the door to prevent slippage between the clamping plate and the door.

After the unit has thus been properly positioned with respect to the door, the inner rosette 89 is placed over the spindle 2? and outside the clamping nut 84, and the button 12 is threaded onto the stem 16 of the locking slide 62. The outer rosette til has an opening tfi through which the shank 89, of the button '52 is adapted to pass, the cross section of such opening being substantially the same as the cross-section of the shank of the button so that when the parts are finally assembled the button will be held against rotation with respect to the stem Hi by the inner rosette til. During threading of the button onto the stem 10 the'opening 83 in the rosette 80 is maintained about the reduced portion 99 of the button, and after the button has reached its desired position the rosette is pushed up into contact with the inner surface of the door and the inner trim nut BI is threaded within the clamping tain the same in place.

Suitable holes ii! are provided in the respective trim nuts for the reception of a capstan wrench to tighten the same in place, and similar holes may also be provided in the clamping nut 84.

The entire mechanism, with the single exception of the handles and their associated mechanism, has now been installed and properly positioned in the door. In the construction of a building this may be done preliminarily to the final application of the handles or knobs, and such handles or knobs may be put in place later on. This has a great advantage in that a man especially detailed for the purpose may go around and apply the handles, which greatly simplifies the matching up or" the keys with the lock cylinders; The lock cylinders and the outer handles may be completely assembled before they are taken around to be attached to the lock mechanism so that it is merely necessary to push on the outer handle unit and the inner handle, as above described, and the assembly is completed.

The outer trim nut 19 is of such length in the direction of its axis that when moved toward the lei, viewing Figure 2, as far as it will go and against the enlarged head of the knob its right hand extremity will not uncover the stud 33. Thus-even though an unauthorized person not having the key to the lock should unscrew the trim nut it, he could go no further and could not gain access to the spindle 2! controlling the locking'slide as he could not remove the outer handle unit. As the trim'nut '59 is screwed up against the outer rosette 18 as far as it will go, it is likewise impossible for an unauthorized person to move such nut toward the door to expose the stud 33. The parts are so constructed and arranged that when the mechanism is installed in the door the trim nut '59 covers the stud 33 so that when the outer handle unit is finally applied it is impossible to remove such unit except by taking down the structure beginning at the inside of the door. Thus an extremely simple and easily installed structure is provided which cannot be effectively tampered with from the outside of the door.

The inner trim nutBl likewise covers the inner stud 33, but is difierently constructed in that the length of the inner trim nut in the axial direction is less than the distance from the stud to the enlarged'portion of the knob, and therefore a person at the inside of the door can thread back the inner trim nut 8! to expose the inner stud 33 and can compress such stud and remove the inner knob, thus initiating the disassembly of the entire structure. The structure is disassembled in the inverse order of its assembly as above described.

In Figures 14, 15 and 16 there is shown a somewhat modified construction for connecting the handle to the spindle. Parts corresponding to like parts in Figure l are identified in Figures 14,

15 and 16 by the same reference numerals as. those used in Figure l but having a prime afiixed.

The outer trim nut 19' is provided with a pair of oppositely disposed holes 92. The shank of the knob 36 is also provided with a pair of oppositely disposed holes 9-3 andthe spindle M has a pair of oppositely disposed holes Si l of substantially the same size as the holes 93 in the knob shank and terminating in. reduced passages 95 communicating with the bore of the spindle. There is provided a stud 95 having a milled outer surface 97 and a reduced lower extremity 98.

7 portion covers the stud 96, as

ito drive the stud back which it entered. However, when the mechanism 11 disassembled, beginning at the inside' of the door, the inner spindle actin in this modification the spring pressed stud 33 of the construction of Figures land. 2 is done awaywith and the assembly of, the handle unit with the unitconnected'with the door is efiected as follows: The trim nut i9 is;placed over the knob shankand the handle unit and trim nut are then pushed into placeover the spindle, 1. .5 so that the notches 38; interengage with the projections 32. Upon such inter-enga ement thholes 93 in the knob shank will be aligned with the holes 9 '4 in thespindle. The holes 92in the trim nut rei n ali n d w t iheal ad ali lh e in the knob shank and spindle and the stud 96 is inserted through oneof theholes flz inthe trim 1 a d is d nihm s ch h dow in o. 911 li ne S oi h h es- 3am 9 W lo t e hen.- dle unit and spihdle together as shown in Figure 15. Thestud is drivendown so that itsupper surface does not project from the periphery of the knob shank, thus permitting the trim nut to be screwed-up onto the threaded extension 9 of the casingto press the rosette 18" against the outside of the door and complete the assembly of the mechanism with the door. When the trim nut is screwed up into position, its left-hand well as both holes 93 in the knob shank, whereas the holes 92 in the trim nut are hidden from view by the rosette i8. This effects a very strong connection between the handle unit and the spindle. 1 e 3 An unauthorized person. cannot remove the thus connected handle unit from the spindle.

Even though the outer trim nut l9 turned back ,and its holes 92 aligned with the holes in the knob shank and. spindle, it will be impossible to remove the stud 96. The inner spindle 2| will bein place arid will prevent the insertion of a tool thr ough the side of the assembly opposite the stud so as out in the direction from 2] may be removed and a suitable tool inserted through the holes in the trim nut, knob shank and spindle to drive the stud (95 out in the direction from whichit entered.

When theeonstruction just described is used it is not essential that the length of the trim nut be great enough so as to prevent retraction thereof toward the left, viewing Figure 14, so as to uncover "the head of the stud at the right-hand extremity of the trim nut, as even though this could be done it would stillbe very difficult, if not impossible, to remove the stud. However, it is preferred tomake the trim nut of such a length'that it cannot be retracted towardthe left, viewing Figure 14 to uncoverthe head of the stud at the right-hand extremity of the trim nut as this renders the stud slightly as it is driven in, thus still e'ifecting the connection desired.

even moreinaccessible and prevents the possibility that it might be removed by prying it out with a sharp tool When the elongated trim nut is used it is practically impossible to get a purchase on the stud through one of the holes 92 in the trim nutso as to dislodge the stud. The outer milled surface of the stud cuts slightly into the walls of the holes 93 and 94 so as to positively and firmly maintain the stud in place and lock the parts together. The imillingjs are preferably inclin'e'd'at aslight angle to the axis of the stud, as

shown in Figure 16, so as to cause the stud to turn more firmly The structure is notonlye'asy to install, but the parts are of relatively simple construction and in'ay be readily and'quickly assembledand may be manufactured at low host. The construction s mtg and rus d, and ideall suited for a wide of broad definition an not o flimitation and, m less the context of any claim prqhibitais intended to cpmprehendalockin addition to what is comor ly k n 5a 11 1, J.

W ile, I ha s o na d es ib d cert n r sent preferred embodiments ct theinvention', itis to be distinctly understood that the same isn'ot limited thereto, butmay be otherwlse vaiiously embodied within the scope of the following claims.

1. Handle structure, comprising a handle rn'e'm her having a shank and an enlarged outer portion and alsehavin'g an opening in the shank 'io r the reception of connecting means to connect the handle member to a latch mechanism upon application of the same thereto, a trim member adapted to coversaid opening to prevent access to the. r ne t n me ns 'ii d tr m. m m e n of suc len t as t i e jv r a o il ir er positioned against the enlarged outer portion of the handle member and connecting means cooperable with said opening andoperable to connect h nd m mber to he latch m hani within the trim member when said trim member is in a eh Lateh tr iv a .q' m iei f ssem including p le n e i e aried streamed application to a door in ijxedrelationship thereto, handle means attachable fat each slide of the door to said assemblya' fter application ef the 'latter, means for maintaining said handle m ans; in place, and means normally covering said first mentioned means at the outside (if the door and being immovable to a position juncjovering said first mentioned means except upon manipulation prising a bolt, 'a retractor therefor, means forope'ratin'g the retractor, means ror holding the retractor against movement in one direction, a cam ring disposed about a portion of said operating means and adapted to operate said holding means, and means for operating said'c'am rmg. 1 l

5. Latch structure, 'conipr ing a easing having front and rear 'dpemfig'sga bolt carrier and a guide therefor both inserte .ble into the casing through the rear opening, the b'olt carrier being projectahle in operation through the front opening, and means for maintaining theguide in place in thecasing. w i

6. Latch structure, comprising a casing, a guide therein, a bolt carrier, guided by one surface of said guide, and a retractor for the bolt "carrier guided by another 'ot said hollow guide therein, bolt carrier mounted g enerally within the guide, "a ret r'actor for the bolt a i er i d seea ir emaux an: s n me n sme r h elt eer e? a d auric- 9. Latch structure, omprisiug a casing, a guide 6 in the casing having an opening therethrough, a bolt carrier guided by one surface of said guide, a retractor for the bolt carrier guided by another surface of said guide, and means extending through said opening comiecting the bolt carrier and'retractor.

10. Latch structure, comprising a casing a hollow guide in the casing, a bolt carrier and a spring therefor mounted within the guide, and a retractor for the bolt carrier and a spring therefor mounted externally of the guide.

1l.-Lock structure, comprising a bolt, a retractor therefor, spindle means for retracting said retractor, means for holding the retractor against movement in one direction, means including spindle means for positively moving said holding means in both directions, and an operating unit connectible to both said spindle means and having operating portions respectively cooperable withsaid respective spindle means.

12. Latch structure, comprising a casing having an end opening and a side opening, operating mechanism insertable into said casing through said side opening, other operating mechanism insertable into said casing through said end opening so as to cooperate with said first mentioned operating mechanism, and means for closing said openings.

13. Latch structure, comprising a casing having an end openingand a side opening, a bolt retractor insertable into said casing through said side opening, a bolt carrier insertable into'said casing through said end opening and so as to cooperate with said bolt retractor to be retracted thereby, and means for guiding said bolt retractor and bolt carrier.

14. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, rotary retracting means for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by said retracting means, and rotary operating means coaxial with the retracting means for operating the stop means, said operating means having a portion disposed radially outwardly with respect to said retracting means for cooperation with the stop means.

15. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, rotary retracting means for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by said retracting means, and cam means disposed at the periphery of the rotary retracting means for operating the stop means.

16. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, retracting means for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by said retracting means, key operable rotary means, and a separate member comprising cam means loosely connectible with said key operable rotary means upon assembly of the lock structure for operating the stop means.

17. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, rotary retracting means for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by said retracting means, and rotary operating means for operating the stop means, said rotary operating means comprising a cam ring loosely mounted about the periphery of the rotary retracting means. 7

-18. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, a rotary plate having a rollback thereon for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by said rollback, and means including a second rotary plate lying against the first and rotatable relatively thereto for operating the stop means.

19. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, a rotary plate having a rollback thereon for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by said rollback, and means including a second rotary plate lying against the first and rotatable relatively thereto and a cam ring operable by said second rotary plate and surrounding the first rotary plate for operating the stop means.

20. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, rotary means having a rollback thereon and a central opening therethrough for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by said rollback, and means including a spindle passing through said opening in said rotary means and operating means actuated by said spindle for operating said stop means.

21. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, oppositely disposed independently operable spindles each provided with a rollback for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by one of said rollbacks, and rotary means coaxial with one of said spindles for operating said stop means.

22. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, oppositely disposed independently operable axially spaced spindles each provided with a rollback for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by one of said rollbacks, and means having a portion disposed at the inner end of one of said spindles for operating said stop means.

23. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, oppositely disposed independently operable axially spaced spindles each provided with a rollback for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by one of said rollbacks, another spindle coaxial with one of said first mentioned spindles, and means actuated by said last mentioned spindle and. disposed at the inner end of that one of said first mentioned spindles with which the last mentioned spindle is coaxial for operating said stop means.

24. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, oppositely disposed independently operable axially spaced spindles each provided with a rollback for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by one of said rollbacks, and means including a rotary plate disposed across the inner end of one of said spindles and connections between said rotary plate and said stop means for operating said stop means.

25. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, oppositely disposed independently operable axially spaced spindles each provided with a rollback for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by one of said rollbacks, and means including a rotary cam held in place by one of said rollbacks for operating said stop means.

26. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, oppositely disposed independently operable axially spaced spindles each provided with a rollback for retracting the bolt, stop means for preventing retraction of the bolt by one of said rollbacks, and means including a rotary cam ring surrounding one of said rollbacks for operating said stop means.

27. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, oppositely disposed independently operable axially spaced spindles each provided with a rollback for retracting the bolt, st-op'means for preventing retraction of the bolt by one of said rollbacks, and means including a rotary cam ring disposed at the inner end of one of said spindles and held in place by and having a portion at the periphery of the rollback associated with said spindle for operating said stop means.

28. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, a retractor therefor, first rotary means for moving said retractor to retract the bolt, means for holding the retractor against movement in one direction, second rotary means for operating said holding means, said second rotary means being disposed at the periphery of said first rotary means and rotating therewith upon rotation thereof, said second rotary means being so constructed and arranged as to be inoperative with respect to said' holding means upon rotation of said first rotary means to retract the bolt.

29. Latch structure, comprising a casing, a tubular guide therein, a bolt carrier slidable Within said guide, a retractor mounted about said guide, a connection between the bolt carrier and retractor whereby the retractor operates the bolt carrier, and a locking slide movable into position to prevent retraction of the ret'ractor.

'7 30. Lock structure, comprising a bolt, retracting means therefor, stop means having limited movement in each direction for preventing retraction of the bolt by said retracting means, and cam means for operating the stop means, said stop means and cam means being so 'constructed and arranged that movement of the cam means is limited upon movement of the stop means to its limit of movement in either direction. 31. Latch structure, comprising a casing having an opening, a bolt carrier and a guide therefor insertable into the casing through said opening, a spring for biasing said bolt carrier, and relatively movable means cooperating with the guide and spring to hold the same within the casing.

JAMES P. MCKINNEY, JR. 

